笠

li4 it’s a rainhat made of bamboo.  bamboo on top, standing person on the bottom, illustrates the idea. sound is also indicated by the 立　character.  Phonetic components often convey pictorial and/or semantic information as here.

允许 yun3xu3　promise tone shift of 33 becomes 23 so yun2xu3

许多xu3duo1 many

瑞　rui4 auspicious

海洋　the mother of each watercourse on the left, 母，人，氵and the benevolent billowing waves on the right –ocean.

闩

shuan1 bolt, latch memory trick:　the one 一　in the middle reminds you what tone it is meN shaN1

shuan3 flash 闪 dodge duck spark